Background Women with pre-eclampsia are at increased risk of later-life cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite suggestions ...

Background Non-dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy (NDLVC), characterised by non-ischaemic scar/fatty replacement or isolated systolic dysfunction without dilatation, lacks validated risk ...

### Learning objectives Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common finding, occurring in up to 25% of people.1 ,2 An association between PFO and stroke has consistently been seen in up to 50% of patients ...

Cardiovascular complications are increasingly recognised as a major driver of morbidity and early mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), yet they remain underdiagnosed and ...

Background Patients with systemic ventricles of right ventricular morphology are at high risk of contractile dysfunction, the cause of which has not been fully elucidated. Objective To assess whether ...

Since Dillon and colleagues1 in 1973 described valvar vegetations by M mode echocardiography, the technique has assumed an increasingly important role in the assessment and management of endocarditis.

Objective Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the USA. The role of occupational exposures to chemicals in the development of CVD has rarely been studied even ...

Introduction The effects of music on humans have been well documented for thousands of years. There are several individual reactions to music that are dependent on individual preferences, mood or ...

Atrial septal aneurysm is an uncommon condition. Between 1981 and 1984 10 cases of atrial septal aneurysm were diagnosed by real time cross sectional echocardiography performed in 4840 patients. The ...

Coronary atherosclerosis is a chronic condition characterised by the development of an atherosclerotic plaque in the inner layer of the coronary artery, mainly associated with cholesterol accumulation ...

Introduction Traditionally, patients are kept nil-per-os/nil-by-mouth (NPO/NBM) prior to invasive cardiac procedures, yet there exists neither evidence nor clear guidance about the benefits of this ...

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited cardiac disorder, characterised by a typical ECG pattern and an increased risk of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). BrS is a challenging entity, in ...