It's near the start of a new semester of physics. Many faculty are working on their plans for introductory physics courses. How many tests should there be? What about homework? Do I want to cover ...

Up until the last article, we dealt with "numerical noise" such as missing values and outliers. This time, we are looking at data written in text (categorical variables), such as "Tokyo," "Osaka," ...

The key to perform any text mining operation, such as topic detection or sentiment analysis, is to transform words into numbers, sequences of words into sequences of numbers. Once we have numbers, we ...