The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

A committee-supported project or activity that has been completed and for which output dissemination has begun. Its committee has been disbanded and closeout procedures are underway. Elementary ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

An experiment deep underground hopes to explain the gallium anomaly. The gallium anomaly dates back 20 years to a confusing experimental finding. The answer could represent a fundamental shift, or it ...

Quarks are among the smallest things that science has discovered, shown experimentally to be about a million billion times smaller than a grain of sand. Joshua Jackson, Luther College senior of East ...

Todd Pedlar has been a professor in the Physics Department since 2003. Some of his course topics include Classical Physics, Electricity and Magnetism, Quantum Mechanics, Nuclear and Particle Physics, ...

Every few years, scientists take a step back to take a broader look at their field and determine what questions are most pressing—and what tools they will need to answer those questions. This year the ...

Particle physics seeks to understand the fundamental constituents of matter and the forces that govern their interactions. The field has evolved from early studies of protons, neutrons and electrons ...

Something genuinely strange has just happened in fundamental physics: an underground neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean ...

Here’s what you’ll learn when you read this story: For nearly a century, the magnetic anomaly of the fundamental particle known as a muon has served as a means to test theories against experimental ...