Energy-making chloroplasts from algae have been inserted into hamster cells, enabling the cells to photosynthesize light, according to new research in Japan. It was previously thought that combining ...

The directed intracellular transport of proteins, RNAs and small molecules towards the cell membrane forms the basis of the structural diversity, polarisation and communication of eukaryotic cells.

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The early evolution of life underwent a process of formation from simple organic molecules to precellular and primitive lives 1,2. For the evolution of complex life, the acquisition of mitochondria in ...

Animals, from worms and sponges to jellyfish and whales, contain anywhere from a few thousand to tens of trillions of nearly genetically identical cells. Depending on the organism, these cells arrange ...

More than a billion years ago a hungry cell devoured a tiny blue-green alga. But instead of the former simply digesting the latter, the duo struck a remarkable evolutionary deal. Now scientists are ...

B lymphocytes exhibit dual roles in tumorigenesis, acting as both allies and adversaries in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Their anti-tumor functions include recognizing tumor-associated antigens, ...